Explosive-engine.



PATBNTED Nov. 17,-.19o3.v

2B. GQHOLZ. EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 29, 1903.

3 SHEETS-'SHEET 1.

H0 MODEL.

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- lPATHNTED Nov. 17, 190s. B. G. HOLZ. ,EXPLosIVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 29, 1903.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

NO MODEL.

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No. 744,342.- PATENTE@ Nov. 1v, 1903. B. G. HOLZ. Y

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

l APPLICATION FILED JAN. 29, 1903. N0 MODEL.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3. 1f 16 16 if 30 30 fyf v 2935 17 l i '1.9 I' i7 2J zo 02 1 e 32 Ya 2L 23 30 z5' l@ l 50 16 atented ov'ember 17, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

BERNHARDAG. HOLZ, OF BUFFALO, NEV YORK.

EXPLOSIVE-ENGIN'E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 744,342, datedNovember 17, 1903.

l 4Application filedV January 29, 1903. Serial No. 140,988. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern: Beit known that I, BERNHARD G, HOLZ, acitizen of the United States, and a resident of Buffalo, in the countyof -Erie and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Engines, of which the following is aspeciication.` Y

My invention relates to engines, but more particularly toexplosive-engines. VIt is,however, applicable to any other style ofengine whether operated explosively, by expansion of the motive power,or by direct pressure.

The object of my invention is to provide means for causing the piston toremain momentarily in its innermost position in the cylinder as thecrankY to which it is connected leaves the dead-center. This isparticularly desirable in explosive-engines, for the reason that thegases, are then at their highest compression and produce greatest power,and as the ignition occurs just as the piston starts its outward strokeit causes the full force of the explosion to bev imparted to thecrankshaft as the crank thereof is at its most effective point. Thisalso prevents reversing of the engine when starting andaids materiallyin the free and easy running of the same. Another Objectis to constructan vengine in which the greater portion of the force of the explosionand the vibration of theengine are taken up at the point of connectionof the piston-rod to thecrank-shaft. Y v l To these ends the inventionconsistsv Vof thev new and novel construction, arrangement, andcombination of parts, as willn be hereinafter described, andparticularly pointed out in the subjoined claims,v Y j My invention canbe applied to steam, air, or hydraulic engines or to engines operated byany other motive power; but in order that the principles of my inventionmay be understood I have shown themapplied to an eX- plosive-engine,using the same asan illustration of the use of my invention without theintention of limiting its use to such an engine. This invention issusceptible to many changes in the construction, form, arrangement, andcolnbination of the Various 'parts without departing from the spirit orsacriiicing any of the advantages thereof.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l is a central vertical section of anengine, showing my invention embodied therein and the piston at itsinnermost point with-the crank on the dead-center. Fig. 2 is asimilarview showing the crank moved beyond thefdead-center and the piston stillretained at its innermost point preparatory to being forced outwardly bythe force of the explosion. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectionjtakenv on lineww, Fig. 4.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical section taken on line 0c 00,'Fig-jl. Fig.5 is a View similar to Fig. 3, showing theY position of the crankcam asit leaves the dead-center. Fig. 6 is a side elevation showing the partsin the position illustrated in Fig. 5. Fig'. 7 is an enlarged planview/of the crank connection,`

showing the piston-rod in section.

Like numerals of reference refer to like parts in the several figures.

In the engine illustrated the numeral 5 designates the cylinder,provided with a head 6 and having a Water-jacket 7, with which eX-plosive -engines are usually provided. A water-inlet and an outlet 9 areprovided for the water-jacket, and'in'the head 6 the usual igniter IO isarranged. l To the lower end of the cylinder the crank-chamber llv isrbolted and has cast integrally therewith the supporting extensions `12.AA gas Yinlet and eX- haust must of course be proyided in addition tomeans for operating the saine; g butas these parts of the enginedo notyappear in the drawings no further reference need be made to them. Theseparts of the engine form no part of my invention and refer only .to onecommon type of explosive-engine Afor which any other type of engine maybe substituted; but I will now proceed to describe my invention indetail.

. The numeral 13 designates my improved piston, which is held forreciprocation in the engine-cylinder and is connected by means of apiston-rod 14 to the crank 15 of the engineshaft. The piston-rod isformed in two sections '16 and'17, respectively, pivotally connectedtogether by a bolt 18, disposed at right angles, mth@ .engine 01 Crankshaft'- .The lower section 17 of the piston-rod 4forms the crank-box andcomprises aninner half-bearing 19l and a yielding outer half-bearing 20,movable toward and from the inner half-bearing. Bolts 2l projectoutwardly from the four corners of the inner half-bearing and are con-IOO nected together at theirouter end by a crossbar 22, provided with apocket 23, which receives one end of a spiral spring 2i, interposedbetween said cross-bar and the outer halfbearing, which latter is guidedin its movements on the four corner-bolts 2l in any suitable manner. Thecrank-pin has secured thereon a cam-sleeve 25, which is providedmid-length with a cam-face 2G and end portions 27, arranged concentricwith the crankpin and serving as journals to support the outer terminalof the piston-rod. The outer half-bearing is held against the crank-pinjournals 27 at all times by the spring 2l. The innerhalf-bearing of thecrank-box comprises sides 2S, each of which is provided with asemicircular cavity, said sides being connected by a bridge portion 29,having upwardlyprojecting lugs 80, between which the lower end of theupper piston-rod section is secured. The yielding outer half -bearingcomprises sides 3l, each of which is provided with a scmicircular cavitywhich coperate with the cavities of the upper half-bearing to receivethe crank-pin of the crank-shaft. The sides of the outer half-bearingare connected together by a lower connecting-bar 32, against the underface of which the spiral spring 2l bears. The under face of the bridgeportion 2) is inclined and preferably faced with a steel wearing-plate33, which is secured thereto in any suitable manner. The saidwearing-plate is inclined downwardly in the direction in which thecrank-shaft revolves, and the cam is secured to the crank in suchposition that the working portion thereof is brought into action againstthe inclined brid ge portion 20 when the piston reaches the end of itsinward movement, the function of the cam being to hold the piston in itsinnermost position while the crank moves from the deadcenter, whichcauses the outer half-bearing 20 of the crank-box to lower against thespring-pressure, and as the working portion of the cam leaves theinclined coacting face of the crank-box the spring forces the said outerhalf-bearing up to abut against the inner half-bearing. The pistonreaches its innei-most point when the crank reaches its dead-center, andwhen in such position the gases in the combustion-chamber are under thehighest compression. The cam is so positioned on the crank that it comesinto action against the inclined bridge portion of the innerhalf-bearing just as the crank reaches the dead-center, and as it leavesthe dead-center the outer half-bearing of the crank-box yields under theaction of the cam and allows the crank to revolve a certain distancewithout causing the slightest movement of the piston, or, in otherwords, the piston is held in its innermost position until the workingportion of the cam leaves the said inclined bridge portion, when theforce of the explosion, the occurrence of which is properly timed, isimparted to the crank at the mosteffective point of its stroke.

Having thus' described my invention, what I claim is- 1. In an engine,the combination with the cylinder, of a piston held therein, acrankshaft, means for connecting said crank-shaft and piston, and meansfor causing said piston to be held momentarily at the innermost point ofits travel as the crank of the crankshaft leaves the dead-center.

2. In an engine, the combination with the cylinder, of a piston heldtherein, a crankshaft, means for connecting said crank-shaft and piston,and means for causing said piston to start its outward movement when thecrank of said crank-shaft is oif the deadcenter.

3. In an engine, the combination with the cylinder, of a piston heldtherein,va crankshaft, means for connecting said crank-shaft and piston,and means for causing the relative position of the piston and the crankof the crank-shaft to be such that the piston is at the innermost pointof its travel when the said crank is at a point beyond the deadcenter.

4f. In an engine, the combination with the cylinder, of a piston 'heldtherein, a crankshaft, a rod connecting the piston with the crank-shaft,and means engaging the outer terminal of said rod for causing the sameand the piston to be held momentarily from movement endwise as the crankof the crankshaft leaves the dead-center.7

5. In an engine, the combination with the cylinder, of a piston heldtherein, a crankshaft, a rod connecting the piston with the crank ofsaid crank-shaft, and a cam secured to the crank-pin and being adaptedto engage the adjacent end of the said rod to cause the piston to beheld momentarily in its innermost position, as the crank of thecrankshaft leaves the dead-center.

G. In an engine, the combination with the cylinder, of a piston heldtherein, a crankshaft, a rod connecting the piston with the crank ofsaid crank-shaft and having an inclined contacting face, and a camsecured to the crank-pin and being adapted to coact with said inclinedcontacting face to cause the piston to be held momentarily in itsinnermost position through the agency of said rod.

7. In an engine, the combination with the cylinder, of a piston heldtherein, a crankshaft, a rod connecting the piston with the crank ofsaid crank-shaft and having a crankbox comprising a fixed inner and ayielding outer half-bearing in which the crank-pin of the crankrevolves, and a cam secured to said crank-pin and acting against theinner halfbearing to cause the outerhalf-bearing to be forced away fromsaid inner half-bearin g and permit the piston to be held momentarily inits innermost position.

8. In an engine, the combination with the cylinder, of a piston heldtherein, a crankshaft, a rod connecting the piston with the crank ofsaid crankshaft,and havinga crank- IOO boX in which the crank-pin of thecrank revolves and Which comprises a fixed inner half-bearing providedWith semicircular concavities at opposite sides and an inclined portionbetween said concavities and a yielding,` outer half-bearing, and a camsecured to said crank-pin and acting against said inclined portion ofthe inner half-bearing to cause the outer half-bearing to be forced awayfrom the inner half-bearing and to cause the piston to be heldmomentarily in its innermost position.

9. In an engine, the combination with the cylinder, of a piston heldtherein, a crankshaft, a rod connecting the piston With the crank ofsaid crank-shaft, a crank-box in Which said crank-pin revolves and whichcomprises a iXed inner half-bearing having outwardly-extendin g guid esconnected by a crossbar and an outer half-bearing` movable on saidguides, a spring` interposed between said cross-bar and the outerhalf-bearing, and a cam secured to the crankpin and acting against theinner half bearing to cause the piston to remain momentarily in itsinnermost position and also to cause the outer half-bearin g to movefrom the inner half-section. lO. In an engine, the combination with thecylinder, of a'piston movable therein, a crankshaft operativelyconnected With said piston, and means for momentarily holding the pistonagainst movement at a certain point in the revolution of thecrank-shaft.

v In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature in the presence oftWo subscribing Witnesses.

BERNHARD G. HOLZ.

Vitnessesz CHAs. F. BURKHART, M. SEWERT.

